Taxus chinensis (Yew), wani tsohon nau'in bishiyar da aka bari a baya bayan dusar ƙanƙara ta Quaternary, an jera shi a matsayin tsire-tsire da ba a taɓa samun su ba a duniya da kuma manyan nau'ikan halittu guda goma na duniya da ke cikin haɗari. "Giant panda".
Don haka,
A matsayin "kasusuwan burbushin shuke-shuke", menene tasiri da aikace-aikacen cirewar yew?
Yew, wani shukar Taxaceae ne na Taxaceae. Akwai nau'in yew guda 11 a duniya, ana rarraba su a cikin yanayi mai zafi zuwa yankuna masu zafi na arewacin kogin. Akwai nau'ikan 4 da nau'in 1 a kasar Sin, wato, yew na kasar Sin, yew arewa maso gabas, yunnan yew. , Kudu yew da Tibet yew, wanda aka rarraba a arewa maso gabas, Kudancin Sin da kuma kudu maso yammacin kasar Sin. Paclitaxel da ake samu daga haushi da ganyen yew yana da fice curative sakamako a kan iri-iri na ci-gaba da ciwon daji da aka sani da "layin karshe na tsaro ga maganin ciwon daji”.
Tarihin ci gaban paclitaxel:
A shekara ta 1963, MCWani da Monre E.wall 'yan Amurkan nan masu ilimin chemist sun fara ware danyen da ake samu na paclitaxel daga haushi da itacen yew na Pacific, wanda ke tsiro a cikin dazuzzukan yammacin Amurka. cewa danyen tsantsa daga paclitaxel yana da babban aiki akan ƙwayoyin tumor linzamin kwamfuta a cikin vitro, kuma ya fara ware wannan kayan aiki mai aiki.Saboda ƙarancin abun ciki na sinadarai masu aiki a cikin tsire-tsire, ba sai 1971 ba ne suka haɗa kai da Andre t.McPhail. , farfesa a fannin ilmin sunadarai a Jami'ar Duke don tantance tsarin sinadarai na sinadarai mai aiki - tetracyclic diterpene fili, kuma ya sanya masa suna taxol.
Menene paclitaxel?
Paclitaxel ne monomer diterpenoid cirewa daga haushi na Natural Plant Taxus.It ne mai hadaddun na biyu metabolite.It ne kawai magani da aka sani don inganta microtubule polymerization da kuma tabbatar da polymerized microtubules.Isotope tracing ya nuna cewa paclitaxel ne kawai daure zuwa polymerized microtubules kuma ya aikata. ba amsa tare da unpolymerized tubulin dimers.Bayan tuntuɓar paclitaxel, sel za su tara adadi mai yawa na microtubules a cikin sel.
Aikace-aikacen paclitaxel:
1.Antiancer
Paclitaxel shine maganin layin farko na ciwon daji na ovarian da kuma ciwon daji mai ci gaba. Hukumar Kula da Ciwon daji ta kasa ta fara gwajin gwajin asibiti a farkon 1983 don gwada guba da aikin maganin ciwon daji.
An fi amfani da Paclitaxel a cikin ciwon daji na ovarian da ciwon nono ta hanyar nazarin asibiti na biyu da na uku. Yana kuma yana da wasu tasiri akan ciwon huhu, ciwon daji na launi, melanoma, kansa da wuyansa, lymphoma da kuma ciwon kwakwalwa.
2.Antitumor
Paclitaxel shine zaɓi na farko na magungunan ƙwayar cuta a asibitoci a duk faɗin duniya.Yana iya haɓaka haɗuwa da microtubules ta hanyar haɓaka polymerization na subunits na spindle tubulin.
3.Maganin ciwon sankarau
Nazarin ya nuna cewa FDA ta amince da taxol don maganin arthritis na rheumatoid, kuma paclitaxel gel shiri ne mai mahimmanci don paclitaxel a cikin cututtuka na rheumatoid.
Lokacin aikawa: Afrilu-21-2022